Binary interactions dominate the evolution of massive stars, but their role is less clear for low- and intermediate-mass stars. The evolution of a spherical wind from an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star into a nonspherical planetary nebula (PN) could be due to binary interactions. We observed a sample of AGB stars with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and found that their winds exhibit distinct nonspherical geometries with morphological similarities to planetary nebulae (PNe). We infer that the same physics shapes both AGB winds and PNe; additionally, the morphology and AGB mass-loss rate are correlated. These characteristics can be explained by binary interaction. We propose an evolutionary scenario for AGB morphologies that is consistent with observed phenomena in AGB stars and PNe.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb1229 | DOI Listing |
Zoological Lett
January 2025
National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Exploratory Research Center On Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
In vertebrates, skeletal muscle comprises fast and slow fibers. Slow and fast muscle cells in fish are spatially segregated; slow muscle cells are located only in a superficial region, and comprise a small fraction of the total muscle cell mass. Slow muscles support low-speed, low-force movements, while fast muscles are responsible for high-speed, high-force movements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Based on Chinese General Social Survey data (CGSS 2021), binary logistic regression and stepwise regression were used to explore how Internet use improves the physical and mental health of elderly people and its influence mechanisms. The research found that Internet use has a positive and significant impact on the physical and mental health of the Chinese elderly, and the results are robust with variable replacement and model replacement tests. In its influence mechanism, it found that Internet use promotes the physical and mental health of elderly people through physical exercise, social interaction, and learning frequency, which have a partial mediating effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Background: Results of recent analyses indicate that axon demyelination may play an important role in AD pathology. The MBP gene encodes a myelin basic protein involved in axon myelination in the nervous system including the central nervous system. Polymorphisms in this gene, as well as variations in expression, have been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Boston University Bioinformatics Program, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Age is the largest risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD). Although >80 genetic loci have been associated with LOAD, little is known about the age dependencies of these associations except the APOE region.
Method: We performed cross-ancestry and ancestry-specific genome-wide gene-age interaction and age-stratified association study using TOPMed-imputed genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) including 34,833 non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), 7,264 African Americans (AA), 3,232 East Asians (EA), and 2,024 Caribbean Hispanics (CH) aged 60 years and older.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Background: During aging, we observe several changes in the brain that render it more vulnerable to a variety of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease. Glia-neuron interactions mediate brain development and physiology via cell-surface proteins at the cell-surface interface, and dysregulation of these interactions is considered one of the hallmarks of brain aging. Due to the critical role glial cells play in neuroplasticity, immune function, and homeostasis, dysregulation of glial cell-surface proteins is hypothesized to contribute to neurodegeneration.
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