Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent and pruritic skin eruptions. Multiple factors contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, including skin barrier dysfunction, microbial dysbiosis, and immune dysregulation. Interactions among these factors form a complex, multidirectional network that can reinforce atopic skin disease but can also be ameliorated by targeted therapies. This review summarizes the complex interactions among contributing factors in AD and the implications on disease development and therapeutic interventions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2020.07.006 | DOI Listing |
Viruses
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Protein phosphorylation is a crucial regulatory mechanism in cellular homeostasis. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) incorporates protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) into its tegument, yet the biological relevance and mechanisms of this incorporation remain unclear. Our study offers the first characterization of the PP1 interactome during HCMV infection and its alterations.
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December 2024
Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Translational Virology and AIDS Research, Pune 411026, MH, India.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), which are the only members of the gamma(γ) herpesviruses, are oncogenic viruses that significantly contribute to the development of various human cancers, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and primary effusion lymphoma. Oncogenesis triggered by γ-herpesviruses involves complex interactions between viral genetics, host cellular mechanisms, and immune evasion strategies. At the genetic level, crucial viral oncogenes participate in the disruption of cell signaling, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.
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December 2024
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging, mosquito-borne arthritic alphavirus increasingly associated with severe neurological sequelae and long-term morbidity. However, there is limited understanding of the crucial host components involved in CHIKV replicase assembly complex formation, and thus virus replication and virulence-determining factors, within the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, the majority of CHIKV CNS studies focus on neuronal infection, even though astrocytes represent the main cerebral target.
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December 2024
Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.
The global burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe associated disease is prodigious. RSV-specific vaccines have been launched recently but there is no antiviral medicine commercially available. RSV polymerase (L) protein is one of the promising antiviral targets, along with fusion and nucleocapsid proteins.
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November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), a γ-herpesvirus, is predominantly associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) as well as two lymphoproliferative disorders: primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). Like other herpesviruses, KSHV employs two distinct life cycles: latency and lytic replication. To establish a lifelong persistent infection, KSHV has evolved various strategies to manipulate the epigenetic machinery of the host.
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