Immunological effects of AFM1 in experimental subchronic dosing in mice prevented by lactic acid bacteria.

Aim: Recently, higher contamination by aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) has been detected in many countries. Unfortunately, many tons of contaminated milk and milk byproducts are removed from the food chain to avoid human contamination; as a consequence of higher economic losses. Fewest number of studies are interested to AFM1 detoxification using lactic acid bacteria.

Materials And Methods: In this study, AFM1-degradation using BEJ01 (LPBEJ01) was tested . The preventive effect of LPBEJ01 against AFM1 immunobiological effects in mice are treated orally during 3 weeks with 100 µg AFM1, LPBEJ01 (2 × 10 CFU/ml∼2 mg/kg p.c.) and a mixture of AFM1 and LPBEJ01.

Results: LPBEJ01 was found able to absorb 98% of AFM1 (100 µg/ml) in liquid medium after 24 h and more than 95% of AFM1 could be eliminated after 24 h in a solid-state fermentation. Animals treated with AFM1 obtained lower body weight than the control ones. The mitogenic response of spleen mononuclear cells (SMCs) was higher in mice treated with AFM1. The SMC of mice treated with AFM1 produced lower levels of IL-2, higher levels IL-4 and no effect on IL-10 production. The peritoneal macrophages of mice that treated with AFM1 released less HO, while mice exposed orally with the mixture of AFM1 and LPBEJ01 produced higher levels.

Conclusion: LPBEJ01 was safe and it did not have any sign of toxicity. It can be used as an additive for AFM1-detoxification contamination in the food chain in countries suffering from this problem.