We investigated potential efficacy of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) on oxidative stress (OS) and airway remodeling in patients with chronic mustard lung. Ten patients received 100 × 10 cells every 20 days for 4 injections over a 2-month period. A gradual improvement was observed for 6 min walk test scores, pulmonary function tests and respiratory quality after MSCs therapy. A significant decrease was found for the mean levels of Mucin-1 protein (KL-6; p = 0.022) and Clara cell protein 16 (CC16; p = 0.005). Antioxidants had a tendency to be higher after each injection. Our findings revealed that MSCs therapy can be safely used for improvement of lung injury and regeneration in these patients without adverse effects. NCT02749448 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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