A 2.5-year-old male German Shepherd was presented to a private veterinary clinic in Hanoi, Vietnam showing anorexia, weakness, lethargy, reluctant to go for walks with a recent history of intermittent fever. Clinical examination of the dog showed pale mucous membrane, impaired eyesight, edema of the back legs. Complete blood count revealed severe anemia; red blood cell 3.8 × 10/l, hemoglobin 8.7 g/dl, hematocrit 26.4%, associated with thrombocytopenia 145 × 10/l. Biochemical analysis showed a moderate increase of alanine transaminase (150.7 UI/l) and alkaline phosphatase activities (266 UI/I) with mild hypoglycemia (71.46 mg/dl). Trypanosoma evansi was observed in Giemsa-stained blood smears under microscopic observation which was confirmed by PCR. This is the first report of canine trypanosomiasis caused by T. evansi in Vietnam.
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