Ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with semiconductors as the channel material and ferroelectrics as the gate insulator are attractive and/or promising devices for application in nonvolatile memory. In FeFETs, the conductivity states of the semiconductor are utilized to explore the polarization directions of the ferroelectric material. Herein, we report FeFETs based on a few layers of MoS on a 0.7Pb(MgNb)O-0.3PbTiO (PMN-PT) single crystal with switchable multilevel states. It was found that the On-Off ratios can reach as high as 10. We prove that the interaction effect of ferroelectric polarization and interface charge traps has a great influence on the transport behaviors and nonvolatile memory characteristics of MoS/PMN-PT FeFETs. In order to further study the underlying physical mechanism, we have researched the time-dependent electrical properties in the temperature range from 300 to 500 K. The separation of effects from ferroelectric polarization and interfacial traps on electrical behaviors of FeFETs provides us with an opportunity to better understand the operation mechanism, which suggests a fantastic way for multilevel, low-power consumption, and high-density nonvolatile memory devices.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c09951 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
January 2025
Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain.
Twisting 2D van der Waals magnets allows the formation and control of different spin-textures, as skyrmions or magnetic domains. Beyond the rotation angle, different spin reversal processes can be engineered by increasing the number of magnetic layers forming the twisted van der Waals heterostructure. Here, pristine monolayers and bilayers of the A-type antiferromagnet CrSBr are considered as building blocks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Comput Sci
January 2025
IBM Research Europe, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
Large language models (LLMs), with their remarkable generative capacities, have greatly impacted a range of fields, but they face scalability challenges due to their large parameter counts, which result in high costs for training and inference. The trend of increasing model sizes is exacerbating these challenges, particularly in terms of memory footprint, latency and energy consumption. Here we explore the deployment of 'mixture of experts' (MoEs) networks-networks that use conditional computing to keep computational demands low despite having many parameters-on three-dimensional (3D) non-volatile memory (NVM)-based analog in-memory computing (AIMC) hardware.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Institute of Modern Optics & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
Memristors enable non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing. Optical memristors are the fundamental element for programmable photonic integrated circuits due to their high-bandwidth computing, low crosstalk, and minimal power consumption. Here, an optical memristor enabled by a non-volatile electro-optic (EO) effect, where refractive index modulation under zero field is realized by deliberate control of domain alignment in the ferroelectric material Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO(PMN-PT) is proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Nanotechnol
January 2025
Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Magnetic random-access memory that uses magnetic tunnel junction memory cells is a high-performance, non-volatile memory technology that goes beyond traditional charge-based memories. Today, its speed is limited by the high magnetization of the memory storage layer. Here we prepare magnetic tunnel junction memory devices with a low magnetization ferrimagnetic Heusler alloy MnGe as the memory storage layer on technologically relevant amorphous substrates using a combination of a nitride seed layer and a chemical templating layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Ferroelectric semiconductors have the advantages of switchable polarization ferroelectric field regulation and semiconductor transport characteristics, which are highly promising in ferroelectric transistors and nonvolatile memory. However, it is difficult to prepare a Sn-based perovskite film with both robust ferroelectric and semiconductor properties. Here, by doping with 2-methylbenzimidazole, Sn-based perovskite [93.
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