AI Article Synopsis
- Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a significant role in tumor growth, spread, and recurrence, but effective targeting methods remain unclear.
- Researchers have found that aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a key marker for isolating CSCs and have developed a vaccination approach targeting ALDH.
- The study shows that using synthetic high-density lipoprotein nanodiscs for vaccination can enhance immune responses against ALDH CSCs, and when combined with anti-PD-L1 therapy, it leads to strong antitumor effects and longer survival in mouse models, opening new possibilities for cancer immunotherapy.
Article Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) proliferate extensively and drive tumor metastasis and recurrence. CSCs have been identified in over 20 cancer types to date, but it remains unknown how to target and eliminate CSCs in vivo. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a marker that has been used extensively for isolating CSCs. Here we present a novel approach to target and reduce the frequency of ALDH CSCs by vaccination against ALDH. We have identified ALDH1-A1 and ALDH1-A3 epitopes from CSCs and developed synthetic high-density lipoprotein nanodiscs for vaccination against ALDH CSCs. Nanodiscs increased antigen trafficking to lymph nodes and generated robust ALDH-specific T cell responses. Nanodisc vaccination against ALDH CSCs combined with anti-PD-L1 therapy exerted potent antitumor efficacy and prolonged animal survival in multiple murine models. Overall, this is the first demonstration of a simple nanovaccine strategy against CSCs and may lead to new avenues for cancer immunotherapy against CSCs.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7572838 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03414 | DOI Listing |
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