Petroleum Coke Combustion in Fixed Fluidized Bed Mode in the Presence of Metal Catalysts.

Petroleum coke is one of the waste products generated in the oil refining industry that can be used as fuel in energetics. However, the low volatile matter content and graphite-like structure of petroleum coke are the reasons for its high ignition temperature and combustion complexity. In this research, petroleum coke combustion and oxidation kinetics in the presence of metal catalysts were investigated. To evaluate the effect of the catalyst on the ignition temperature and the apparent activation energy, a new approach of a "fixed fluidized bed" was proposed. In this mode, petroleum coke particles spaced from each other by inert quartz powder kind of "freeze" in the porous layer. This regime allows us to determine the ignition temperature of petroleum coke particles in the static mode by differential thermography and calculate the activation energy by gas analysis. Organic and inorganic salts of copper, iron, and cerium are used as catalysts for petroleum coke combustion. A series of experiments were carried out in the porous media thermo-effect cell (PMTEC) and on a thermogravimetric (TG) analyzer. The kinetics of the combustion processes was calculated by Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall methods. The results obtained in the "fixed bed" mode showed that the ignition temperature and the average apparent activation energy significantly decreased in the presence of CuCl and FeCl. The results obtained by the new approach were compared with the results of the thermogravimetric analysis.