AI Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the effects of current and future elevated CO levels on antibiotic resistance in soil, specifically looking at the impacts of mineral and organic fertilizers in paddy fields.
- - Substituting organic fertilizer for mineral fertilizer increased the uptake of sulfamethazine and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil, but it also led to a decrease in rice grain yield by 7.6%.
- - In contrast, under elevated CO conditions, organic fertilizer substitution reduced certain ARGs and increased rice yield by 8.4%, suggesting that high CO levels could alter the relationship between fertilization methods and both agricultural productivity and public health concerns related to antibiotic resistance.
Article Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and rising CO levels are considered among the most significant challenges we will face in terms of global development over the following decades. However, the impact of elevated CO on soil antibiotic resistance has rarely been investigated. We used a free-air CO enrichment system to investigate the potential risks posed by applying mineral and organic fertilizers to paddy soil at current CO concentration (370 ppm) and future elevated CO (eCO, 570 ppm predicted for 2100). Organic fertilizer substitution (substituting the mineral fertilizer by 50% N) alone increased the plant uptake and soil residue of sulfamethazine, and enriched sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetM) and class 1 integron (intl1). But it decreased the rice grain yield (by 7.6%). Comparatively, eCO decreased the sul2, tetG and intl1 gene abundances by organic fertilizer substitution, and meanwhile increased grain yield (by 8.4%). Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae were potential hosts of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Horizontal gene transfer via intl1 may play an important role in ARGs spread under eCO. Results indicated that future elevated CO concentration could modify the effects of organic fertilizer substitution on rice yield and soil ARGs, with unknown implications for future medicine and human health.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141898 | DOI Listing |
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