The prevalence and risk-factors of oral HPV DNA detection among HIV-infected men between men who have sex with men and heterosexual men.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas are becoming more common with epidemiological impact on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- positive individuals. We evaluated prevalence and risk factors for oral HPV DNA among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) or heterosexual men. This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 255 HIV-infected men with different sexual orientation 142 MSM and 113 heterosexual men, who answered a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural data. Oral swab and mouthwash samples were analysed by polymerase chain reaction and genotyped by Anyplex II 28 (Seegene). Oral HPV was detected in 17.6% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 13.5-22.8%), 17.6% in MSM and 17.7% in heterosexual men ( = .984). Multiple HPV infections were detected in 86.7% of HPV-positive men. HPV 56 (13.7%) was the most prevalent high-risk genotype, HPV 66 (7.8%) and HPV 70 (12.3%) were the most prevalent probable HR and low-risk HPV genotypes (12.3% and 7.1%, respectively). At multivariable analysis models, oral HPV was associated with >100 lifetime sexual partners (Odds Ratio (OR) 3.73; 95% CI 1.42-9.77) or lifetime tongue-kissing partners (OR 3.20; 95% CI 1.22-8.39) and lower education level (OR 2.90; 95% CI 1.08-7.78 and 2.74; 95% CI 1.04-7.27, respectively). Oral HPV prevalence was similar between HIV-infected MSM and heterosexual men. Oral HPV was associated with lifetime sexual partners, lifetime tongue-kissing partners and being undergraduate, independently of sexual orientation.