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Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor DNA in Uveal Melanoma. | LitMetric

Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor DNA in Uveal Melanoma.

JCO Precis Oncol

, , , , , , and , Edith Cowan University, Joondalup; , , , , , , , and , University of Western Australia, Crawley; and , Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; , Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands; and , Royal Perth Hospital, Perth; , Perth Retina, West Leederville; and , , and Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

Published: May 2018

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study examines the potential of using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for managing uveal melanoma (UM).
  • It employed low-coverage whole-genome sequencing to analyze these components and found that CTCs were present in 58% of early-stage UM patients, compared to only 26% for ctDNA.
  • The research suggests CTCs can help provide prognostic information, while ctDNA can be useful for early detection of metastatic disease, indicating their value as a liquid biopsy in treatment decisions for UM patients.

Article Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for the management of uveal melanoma (UM).

Patients And Methods: Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing was used to determine somatic chromosomal copy number alterations (SCNAs) in primary UM tumors, ctDNA, and whole-genome amplified CTCs. CTCs were immunocaptured using an antimelanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate antibody conjugated to magnetic beads and immunostained for melanoma antigen recognised by T cells 1 (MART1)/glycoprotein 100 (gp100)/S100 calcium-binding protein β (S100β). ctDNA was quantified using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assay for mutations in the , , , and genes.

Results: SCNA analysis of CTCs and ctDNA isolated from a patient with metastatic UM showed good concordance with the enucleated primary tumor. In a cohort of 30 patients with primary UM, CTCs were detected in 58% of patients (one to 37 CTCs per 8 mL of blood), whereas only 26% of patients had detectable ctDNA (1.6 to 29 copies/mL). The presence of CTCs or ctDNA was not associated with tumor size or other prognostic markers. However, the frequent detection of CTCs in patients with early-stage UM supports a model in which CTCs can be used to derive tumor-specific SCNA relevant for prognosis. Monitoring of ctDNA after treatment of the primary tumor allowed detection of metastatic disease earlier than F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in two patients.

Conclusion: The presence of CTCs in localized UM can be used to ascertain prognostic SCNA, whereas ctDNA can be used to monitor patients for early signs of metastatic disease. This study paves the way for the analysis of CTCs and ctDNA as a liquid biopsy that will assist with treatment decisions in patients with UM.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7446501PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/PO.17.00279DOI Listing

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