The purpose of this study was to comparatively analyze normal gait on the plains by gender for old people reference data for the normal gait pattern for the old people. Participants were selected according to the Korean standard body type provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and used a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Cortex, Orthotrak, and Excel were used as the software for analyzing the extracted data, and IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24.0 was used for statistical analysis. When data standardization was performed using the dimensionless numbers conversion, the step length and stride length of the lower extremities, which had differences between genders before dimensionless numbers conversion, showed no difference after dimensionless numbers conversion. Cadence, step time, and single support time of the left lower extremity, which had no difference between genders before dimensionless numbers conversion, were found to have significant differences after dimensionless numbers conversion. In addition, as a result of analyzing the coefficient of variation value to find out the degree of change in data due to dimensionless numbers conversion, there were increase and decrease in the coefficient of variation value ranging from -8.11% to 6.67% before and after dimensionless numbers conversion, which means dimensionless numbers conversion can affect the statistical test.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.12965/jer.2040208.214 | DOI Listing |
Front Chem
January 2025
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
This study investigates the significance of single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes with a convectional fluid (water) over a vertical cone under the influences of chemical reaction, magnetic field, thermal radiation and saturated porous media. The impact of heat sources is also examined. Based on the flow assumptions, the fundamental flow equations are modeled as partial differential equations (PDEs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
January 2025
AO Vector-Best, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Background: Cervical screening, aimed at detecting precancerous lesions and preventing cancer, is based on cytology and HPV testing. Both methods have limitations, the main ones being the variable diagnostic sensitivity of cytology and the moderate specificity of HPV testing. Various molecular biomarkers are proposed in recent years to improve cervical cancer management, including a number of mRNAs encoded by human genes involved in carcinogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) exhibit reversible shape morphing behavior when cycled above their nematic-to-isotropic transition temperature. During extrusion-based 3D printing, LCE inks are subjected to coupled shear and extensional flows that can be harnessed to spatially control the alignment of their nematic director along prescribed print paths. Here, we combine experiment and modeling to elucidate the effects of ink composition, nozzle geometry, and printing parameters on director alignment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
This study analyzes the influences of surface reactions on the natural convective flow, temperature, and oxygen concentration distributions in vertically placed multilayered cavities. A mathematical model for this problem is formulated with proper boundary conditions. At first, the governing equations are made dimensionless using the variable transformations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Rangeland Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, P.O. Box 30, Rishon LeZion 5025001, Israel.
Acoustic monitoring facilitates the detailed study of herbivore grazing by generating a timeline of sound bursts associated with jaw movements (JMs) that perform bite or chew actions. The unclassified stream of JM events was used here in an observational study to explore the notion of "grazing time". Working with shepherded goat herds in a wooded landscape, a horn-based acoustic sensor with a vibration-type microphone was deployed on a volunteer animal along each of 12 foraging routes.
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