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iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease. | LitMetric

iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease.

Int J Mol Sci

Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Published: September 2020

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

The rhomboid family are evolutionary conserved intramembrane proteases. Their inactive members, iRhom in and iRhom1 and iRhom2 in mammals, lack the catalytic center and are hence labelled "inactive" rhomboid family members. In mammals, both iRhoms are involved in maturation and trafficking of the ubiquitous transmembrane protease a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17, which through cleaving many biologically active molecules has a critical role in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Notch signaling. Accordingly, with iRhom2 having a profound influence on ADAM17 activation and substrate specificity it regulates these signaling pathways. Moreover, iRhom2 has a role in the innate immune response to both RNA and DNA viruses and in regulation of keratin subtype expression in wound healing and cancer. Here we review the role of iRhom2 in immunity and disease, both dependent and independent of its regulation of ADAM17.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554728PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186570DOI Listing

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