We revisit the spectral coherence properties of far-field radiation emanating from an aperture in a blackbody cavity on the basis of Kirchhoff's boundary conditions. We point out that the far zone cross-spectral density matrix derived earlier in the literature by separately propagating all three aperture-field components does not show transversality of the field at nonparaxial directions. This is not the case when Luneburg's diffraction integrals are applied on the transverse source field components to determine the entire far field. We compare the electromagnetic degrees of coherence for the two methods and show that over important angular separations their values coincide with high accuracy. The results of this work and of others concerning the far-field intensity, polarization, and paraxial angular coherence are in full agreement.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.401091 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
November 2023
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Recent experiments, at room temperature, have shown that near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) via surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) exceeds the blackbody limit by several orders of magnitude. Yet, SPhP-mediated NFRHT at cryogenic temperatures remains experimentally unexplored. Here, we probe thermal transport in nanoscale gaps between a silica sphere and a planar silica surface from 77-300 K.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
October 2023
Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, UMR 7538 du CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 99 av. JB Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France.
Near-field thermal emission largely exceeds blackbody radiation, owing to spectrally sharp emission in surface polaritons. We turn the Casimir-Polder interaction between Cs(7P_{1/2}) and a sapphire interface into a sensor sharply filtering, at 24.687 THz, the near-field sapphire emission at ∼24.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2023
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
Regarded as a promising alternative to spatially shaping matter, time-varying media can be seized to control and manipulate wave phenomena, including thermal radiation. Here, based upon the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, we elaborate a comprehensive quantum theoretical formulation that lies the basis for investigating thermal emission effects in time-modulated media. Our theory unveils unique physical features brought about by time-varying media: nontrivial correlations between fluctuating electromagnetic currents at different frequencies and positions, thermal radiation overcoming the black-body spectrum, and quantum vacuum amplification effects at finite temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhen two objects at different temperatures are separated by a vacuum gap they can exchange heat by radiation only. At large separation distances (far-field regime), the amount of transferred heat flux is limited by Stefan-Boltzmann's law (blackbody limit). In contrast, at subwavelength distances (near-field regime), this limit can be exceeded by orders of magnitude thanks to the contributions of evanescent waves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
July 2021
Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 0A5, Canada.
Bringing bodies close together at sub-micron distances can drastically enhance radiative heat transfer, leading to heat fluxes greater than the blackbody limit set by Stefan-Boltzmann law. This effect, known as near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT), has wide implications for thermal management in microsystems, as well as technological applications such as direct heat to electricity conversion in thermophotovoltaic cells. Here, we demonstrate NFRHT from microfabricated hotplates made by surface micromachining of [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] thin films deposited on a sacrificial amorphous Si layer.
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