Linking microbial mechanism with bioelectricity production in sludge matrix-fed microbial fuel cells: Freezing/thawing liquid versus fermentation liquor.

This first-attempt study elucidated the microbial mechanism associated with bioelectricity output in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) fed with sludge matrices of freezing/thawing (F/T) liquid versus fermentation liquor, while a novel schematic elucidation for exploring cooperative interactions in anodic microbial consortia of MFCs supplied with such two feeds toward electrogenesis was put forward. Moreover, the F/T liquid cultivated main genera of Azospira, Povalibacter, Thauera, Terrimonas, Alicycliphilus, Dokdonella and Simplicispira for dual organics degradation and electrogenesis with power density of 0.152 mW/m and electrogenesis efficiency of 1.152 kWh/kg COD, while the fermentation liquor fostered higher diversity and medium evenness with the enrichment of Phenylobacterium, Cellulomonas, Edaphobacter, Burkholderia, Clostridium, Sphingomonas, Leifsonia and Microbacterium in anodic biofilm and causing larger power density of 0.182 mW/m and 1.418 kWh/kg COD-electrogenesis efficiency. Comparative analysis results indicated that the anodic fermentative bacteria exert considerable influence on concurrent organics degradation and electricity production through the synergistic interactions with exoelectrogens toward stable running of MFCs. Besides, the higher anodic microbial diversity, relatively middling community evenness and larger abundance of functional genes associated with electrogenesis together played contributive roles on more power generation through MFCs for treating WAS matrix. This study was conducive to bring about some new microbial mechanism understanding on maximizing bioenergy recovery via MFCs in future sludge management.