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Epidemiological Features, Clinical Symptoms, and Environmental Risk Factors for Notifiable Japanese Encephalitis in Taiwan From 2008 to 2020: Retrospective Study.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and may cause fever, nausea, headache, or meningitis. It is currently unclear whether the epidemiological characteristics of the JEV have been affected by the extreme climatic conditions that have been observed in recent years.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics, trends, and potential risk factors of JE in Taiwan from 2008 to 2020.
λ-cyhalothrin induced sex-specific inflammation, glia activation and GABAergic interneuron disruption in the hippocampus of rats.
BMC Pharmacol Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 240003, Nigeria.
Background: Glia mediated neuroinflammation and degeneration of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons are some of the hall marks of pyrethroid neurotoxicity. Here we investigated the sex specific responses of inflammatory cytokines, microglia, astrocyte and parvalbumin positive inhibitory GABAergic interneurons to λ-cyhalothrin (LCT) exposures in rats.
Methods: Equal numbers of male and female rats were given oral corn oil, 2 mg/kg.
The moderating effects of nurses' characteristics on the perceptions and practices of family-centered care for chronically ill children and their families in Saudi Arabia.
BMC Nurs
January 2025
Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Background/purpose: Nurses play a vital role in providing effective family-centered care (FCC) to enhance the quality of healthcare for children with chronic illnesses and increase family satisfaction. This study aimed to investigate nurses' perceptions and practices of FCC for children with chronic illnesses, and how nursing characteristics influence this relationship.
Method: This multicenter cross-sectional study involved a convenience sample of 405 nurses, each with at least six months of experience caring for chronically ill children, infants, and toddlers in Saudi Arabia.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clinical competence of health professionals in Poland and Spain: results of the health exclusion research in Europe (HERE) study.
BMC Med Educ
January 2025
Group of Research in Care and Health (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, 26006, Spain.
Introduction: Health disparities experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals have been partially attributed to healthcare professionals' lack of cultural competence in addressing their specific needs. This study aimed to assess the differences in competencies and preparedness among health professionals from Poland and Spain when working with LGBT patients.
Methodology: Data were collected between June and August 2024 through a cross-sectional survey involving 673 health professionals (Mage = 33.
AI-based analysis of fetal growth restriction in a prospective obstetric cohort quantifies compound risks for perinatal morbidity and mortality and identifies previously unrecognized high risk clinical scenarios.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Utah Health, 30 N. Mario Capecchi Dr., Level 5 South, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a leading risk factor for stillbirth, yet the diagnosis of FGR confers considerable prognostic uncertainty, as most infants with FGR do not experience any morbidity. Our objective was to use data from a large, deeply phenotyped observational obstetric cohort to develop a probabilistic graphical model (PGM), a type of "explainable artificial intelligence (AI)", as a potential framework to better understand how interrelated variables contribute to perinatal morbidity risk in FGR.
Methods: Using data from 9,558 pregnancies delivered at ≥ 20 weeks with available outcome data, we derived and validated a PGM using randomly selected sub-cohorts of 80% (n = 7645) and 20% (n = 1,912), respectively, to discriminate cases of FGR resulting in composite perinatal morbidity from those that did not.
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