Objective: To determine the global and regional burden of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-attributed malignancies.
Design: An international comparative study based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study estimates.
Setting: Global population by age, sex, region, demographic index and time.
Methods And Outcome Measures: The burden of EBV-attributed Burkitt lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and gastric carcinoma (GC) was estimated in a two-step process. In the first step, the fraction of each malignancy attributable to EBV was estimated based on published studies; this was then applied to the GBD estimates to determine the global and regional incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for each malignancy by age, sex, geographical region and social demographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2017.
Results: The combined global incidence of BL, HL, NPC and GC in 2017 was 1.442 million cases, with over 973 000 deaths. An estimated 265 000 (18%) incident cases and 164 000 (17%) deaths were due to the EBV-attributed fraction. This is an increase of 36% in incidence and 19% in mortality from 1990. In 2017, EBV-attributed malignancies caused 4.604 million DALYs, of which 82% was due to NPC and GC alone. The incidence of both of these malignancies was higher in high and middle-high SDI regions and peaked in adults aged between 50 and 70 years. All four malignancies were more common in males and the highest burden was observed in East Asia.
Conclusions: This study provides comprehensive estimates of the burden of EBV-attributed BL, HL, NPC and GC. The overall burden of EBV-related malignancies is likely to be higher since EBV is aetiologically linked to several other malignancies not included in this analysis. Increasing global population and life expectancy is expected to further raise this burden in the future. The urgency for developing an effective vaccine to prevent these malignancies cannot be overstated.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037505 | DOI Listing |
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Current literature is unclear on the safety and optimal timing of delivery for pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus, which inspired our study team to conduct a web-based survey study exploring patient and provider opinions on delivery options. However, an incident of fraudulent activity with survey responses prompted a shift in the focus of the research project. Unfortunately, despite the significant rise of web-based surveys used in medical research, there remains very limited evidence on the implications of and optimal methods to handle fraudulent web-based survey responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Introduction: Globally, approximately 2.7 million and 2.3 million people living with HIV are co-infected with hepatitis B and C virus, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine.
Introduction: Appropriate antibiotic use requires using the right antibiotic, at the right dose, for the right duration, and at the right time. Drug-resistant diseases cause numerous deaths globally a year, and antibiotic stewardship is a cornerstone in fighting antibiotic resistance. This study focuses on tracking the antibiotic prescribing practices in Palestine and improving future antibiotic prescribing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Introduction: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious and fatal disease affecting small ruminants, particularly goats and sheep, and is caused by Morbillivirus caprinae, a virus in the genus Morbillivirus, family Paramyxoviridae. PPR has significant economic and social impacts, especially in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, where small ruminants are vital to rural livelihoods and food security. This disease is a priority for global eradication due to its disproportionate impact on low-income farmers and wildlife conservation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), P.O. Box 3297 Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Introduction: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious disease that imposes substantial economic burdens on small ruminants (SR) production. For Tanzania to develop efficient management and eradication plans, it is essential to comprehend the seroprevalence of PPR designated for global elimination by 2030.
Methodology: This study investigated the prevalence of PPR in animals kept under pastoral and agropastoral communities in Tanzania.
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