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Associations between cumulative environmental quality and ten selected birth defects in Texas. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Many birth defects have unknown causes, but factors like genetics, maternal behaviors, and environmental exposures have been linked to conditions such as neural tube defects and clefts; however, the overall impact of cumulative environmental factors is still unclear.
  • The study used the Environmental Quality Index (EQI) to analyze environmental exposure data from 2006-2010 and matched it with systemic birth defect records in Texas from 2007-2010, revealing some positive associations between environmental quality and certain birth defects.
  • Results indicate stronger links between bad environmental conditions and defects like neural tube defects and oral clefts, particularly influenced by the sociodemographic factors, while the overall relationship showed limited clear patterns among different

Article Abstract

Background: Causes of most birth defects are largely unknown. Genetics, maternal factors (e.g., age, smoking) and environmental exposures have all been linked to some birth defects, including neural tube, oral cleft, limb reduction, and gastroschisis; however, the contribution of cumulative exposures across several environmental domains in association with these defects is not well understood.

Methods: The Environmental Quality Index (EQI) and its domains (air, water, land, sociodemographic, built) were used to estimate county-level cumulative environmental exposures from 2006-2010 and matched to birth defects identified from Texas Birth Defects Registry and live birth records from births in years 2007-2010 (N = 1,610,709). Poisson regression models estimated prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between 10 birth defects and the EQI.

Results: We observed some positive associations between worst environmental quality and neural tube, anencephaly, spina bifida, oral cleft, cleft palate, cleft lip with and without cleft palate, and gastroschisis [PR range: 1.12-1.55], but near null associations with limb reduction defects. Among domain specific results, we observed the strongest positive associations with the sociodemographic domain across birth defects but varied positive associations among the air and water domains, and negative or null associations with the land and built domains. Overall, few exposure-response patterns were evident.

Conclusions: Our results highlight the complexities of cumulative, simultaneous environmental exposures in the prevalence rates of 10 selected birth defects. We were able to explore the impact of overall and domain specific environmental quality on birth defects and identify potential domain specific drivers of these associations.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8091812PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1788DOI Listing

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