Effect of S-allylcysteine against diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signalling pathway in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.

Objective: In the current study, we evaluated the ameliorative effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC) against streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NAD)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats and also an attempt was made to establish the molecular mechanism of SAC.

Methods: DN rats were orally supplemented with SAC (150 mg/kg body weight) for a period of 45 days and the effect of SAC on urinary albumin excretion, metabolic parameters, and tubular injury biomarkers by ELISA, total levels and phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and RSK2 by western blotting analysis in control and experimental rats were assessed.

Results: From this study, we observed that SAC considerably decreased polydipsia, poly urea, polyphagia, albuminuria and the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, transforming growth factor-β1 and SAC effectively altered the pathological changes in DN rats. SAC also reserved renal cortical phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and RSK2.

Conclusion: Hence this study recommended that SAC can successfully protect the DN through regulation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signalling.