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The integral role of in brain function: from neurogenesis to synaptic plasticity and social behavior.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)
January 2025
Laboratory of Animal Models, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene is a critical tumor suppressor that plays an essential role in the development and functionality of the central nervous system. Located on chromosome 10 in humans and chromosome 19 in mice, PTEN encodes a protein that regulates cellular processes such as division, proliferation, growth, and survival by antagonizing the PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway. In neurons, PTEN dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol‑3,4,5‑trisphosphate (PIP3) to PIP2, thereby modulating key signaling cascades involved in neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and synaptic plasticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA generative framework for enhanced cell-type specificity in rationally designed mRNAs.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
mRNA delivery offers new opportunities for disease treatment by directing cells to produce therapeutic proteins. However, designing highly stable mRNAs with programmable cell type-specificity remains a challenge. To address this, we measured the regulatory activity of 60,000 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) across six cell types and developed PARADE (Prediction And RAtional DEsign of mRNA UTRs), a generative AI framework to engineer untranslated RNA regions with tailored cell type-specific activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMAF1 inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by fostering an immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment.
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
Background: The biological significance of MAF1, a tumor suppressor, in carcinogenesis and immune response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unreported. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which MAF1 enhances anti-tumor immunity in HCC is crucial for developing novel immunotherapy strategies and enhancing clinical responses to treatment for patients with HCC.
Methods: Mice were subjected to hydrodynamic tail vein injections of transposon vectors to overexpress AKT/NRas, or c-Myc, with or without wild-type (WT) or mutant-activated (-4A) MAF1, or short-hairpin MAF1 (shMAF1).
Astragaloside IV promotes neuronal axon regeneration by inhibiting the PTEN/AKT pathway.
Brain Res
January 2025
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy, Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Taizhou 317500, China. Electronic address:
Background: Neuronal survival and regeneration are critical aspects of recovery from ischemic brain injuries. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a saponin extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus membranaceus, has shown promise in promoting neuronal health. This study investigates the effects of AS-IV on neuronal survival and apoptosis post-oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), focusing on the modulation of the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBushen-Huoxue-Mingmu-Formula attenuates pressurization-induced retinal ganglion cell damage by reducing mitochondrial autophagy through the inhibition of the Pink1/Parkin pathway.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Opthalmology, Chongqing Hechuan District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China.
Background: Bushen-Huoxue-Mingmu-Formula (MMF) has achieved definite clinical efficacy. However, its mechanism is still unclear.
Objective: Investigating the molecular mechanism of MMF to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
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