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The multifaceted nature of Egyptian mummification: Paleoradiological insights into child mummies.
PLoS One
December 2024
German Mummy Project, Reiss-Engelhorn-Museen, Mannheim, Germany.
In accordance with ancient Egyptian beliefs, the preservation of the body after death was an important prerequisite for the continued existence of the deceased in the afterlife. This involved application of various physical interventions and magical rituals to the corpse. Computed tomography (CT), as the gold-standard technology in the field of paleoradiology, enables deeper insights into details of artificial body preservation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife and death in Trypillia times: Interdisciplinary analyses of the unique human remains from the settlement of Kosenivka, Ukraine (3700-3600 BCE).
PLoS One
December 2024
Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
We present an interdisciplinary analysis of finds from the Trypillia settlement of Kosenivka, Ukraine (ca. 3700-3600 BCE, Trypillia C1-2), that links information on human, faunal, and botanical remains with archaeological data to provide exceptionally detailed insights into life and death at a giant Trypillia settlement. We obtained osteological, palaeopathological, morphological and histotaphonomic data from human bone fragments; performed carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic analysis of human and animal bone to calculate food webs; modelled newly generated radiocarbon dates to refine the site's chronology; and contextualised the finds within the phenomenon of a general lack of human remains in Early and Middle Trypillia times through a literature review.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of fossil juniper seeds from Rancho La Brea (California, USA): drought and extirpation in the Late Pleistocene.
New Phytol
December 2024
Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Juniperus spp. are keystone shrubs in western North America and important climatic indicators in paleo-records. However, a lack of taxonomic resolution among fossil species limits our ability to track past environmental changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorroborating written history with ancient DNA: The case of the Well-man described in an Old Norse .
iScience
November 2024
Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
The potential of ancient DNA analyses to provide independent sources of information about events in the historical record remains to be demonstrated. Here we apply palaeogenomic analysis to human remains excavated from a medieval well at the ruins of Sverresborg Castle in central Norway. In , the Old Norse of King Sverre Sigurdsson, one passage details a 1197-CE raid on the castle and mentions a dead man thrown into the well.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis: A case study from medieval Transylvania.
Int J Paleopathol
November 2024
Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, FL, USA.
Objective: To evaluate erosive pathological lesions on a skeleton from medieval Transylvania.
Materials: A skeleton from a Székely archaeological site in Transylvania was examined and radiocarbon dated to Cal 1300 CE - 1415 CE.
Methods: The skeletal remains were examined macroscopically and with radiographic imaging.
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