A Synthetic Approach to Dimetalated Arenes Using Flow Microreactors and the Switchable Application to Chemoselective Cross-Coupling Reactions.

J Am Chem Soc

Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.

Published: October 2020

In spite of their potential utility, the chemistry of dimetalated arenes is still in its infancy because they are extremely difficult to synthesize. We report a novel method of synthesizing arenes bearing a boryl group and a metallic substituent, such as boryl, silyl, stannyl, or zincyl groups, in an integrated flow microreactor based on the generation and reactions of aryllithiums bearing a trialkyl borate moiety. The bimetallic arenes showed a remarkable chemoselectivity in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The selectivity was switched by the selection of the metal species that constitutes the dimetalated arenes as well as appropriate catalysts.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c06370DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focuses on the use of Grignard reagents, specifically iPrMgCl and its enhanced version iPrMgCl⋅LiCl, to conduct single iodo/magnesium exchange reactions on various trisubstituted arenes, demonstrating an innovative approach to synthesizing complex aromatic compounds.
  • - Initially, the target arenes, such as 2,5-diiodo-N,N-diisopropylbenzamide, were created through a deprotonation process followed by iodine quenching, which allowed for the conversion of simple monosubstituted arenes into trisubstituted diiodoarenes, enabling further functionalization in a controlled manner.
  • - The unique reaction mechanism, termed
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A Synthetic Approach to Dimetalated Arenes Using Flow Microreactors and the Switchable Application to Chemoselective Cross-Coupling Reactions.

J Am Chem Soc

October 2020

Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.

In spite of their potential utility, the chemistry of dimetalated arenes is still in its infancy because they are extremely difficult to synthesize. We report a novel method of synthesizing arenes bearing a boryl group and a metallic substituent, such as boryl, silyl, stannyl, or zincyl groups, in an integrated flow microreactor based on the generation and reactions of aryllithiums bearing a trialkyl borate moiety. The bimetallic arenes showed a remarkable chemoselectivity in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.

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The regioselectivity of deprotonation reactions between arene substrates and basic metalating agents is usually governed by the electronic and/or coordinative characteristics of a directing group attached to the benzene ring. Generally, the reaction takes place in the ortho position, adjacent to the substituent. Here, we introduce a protocol by which the metalating agent, a disodium-monomagnesium alkyl-amide, forms a template that extends regioselectivity to more distant arene sites.

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Cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds in aromatic nitriles using nickel(0).

J Am Chem Soc

August 2002

Contribution from the Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. 04510.

The nickel(0) fragment [(dippe)Ni] has been found to react with a variety of aromatic nitriles. Initial pi-coordination to the C=C and Ctbd1;N bonds of 2-cyanoquinoline is found to lead ultimately to C-CN oxidative addition. 3-Cyanoquinoline reacts similarly, although no eta(2)-CN complex is observed.

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