Objective: To compare plasma etonogestrel concentrations sampled from the contralateral- versus ipsilateral-to-implant arm.
Study Design: Sub-analysis of a cross-sectional study in Botswana in 33 participants who provided contralateral and ipsilateral blood samples.
Results: Plasma etonogestrel concentrations in contralateral and ipsilateral specimens were highly correlated (correlation coefficient = 0.99; p < 0.0001). Bland-Altman analysis of agreement showed that etonogestrel levels were on average 5.9 pg/mL higher (2.1%) in ipsilateral compared to contralateral specimens (95% confidence interval: -4.1, 15.9 pg/mL).
Conclusions: We found no meaningful differences in plasma etonogestrel concentrations between samples taken from the contralateral- versus ipsilateral-to-implant arm.
Implications: Our data suggest that etonogestrel plasma concentrations are unlikely to be meaningfully different between samples drawn from the ipsilateral- versus the contralateral-to-implant arms in etonogestrel contraceptive implant users.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2020.08.011 | DOI Listing |
Contraception
February 2025
Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address:
Pharmaceutics
August 2024
Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Intravaginal rings (IVRs) represent a well-established, woman-controlled and sustained vaginal drug delivery system suitable for a wide range of applications. Here, we sought to investigate the differences in etonogestrel (ENG) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) release from a 3D-printed IVR utilizing continuous liquid interface production (CLIP™) (referred to as CLIP for low drug loading and CLIP IVRs for high drug loading) and NuvaRing, a commercially available injection molded IVR. We conducted in vitro release studies in simulated vaginal fluid to compare the release of ENG and EE from CLIP IVRs and NuvaRing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Obstet Gynecol
August 2024
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
Background: Concomitant use of efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy and a standard-dose etonogestrel contraceptive implant led to 82% lower etonogestrel exposure when compared with women who do not receive antiretroviral therapy. The clinical impact of this reduced exposure is supported by retrospective cohort evaluations that demonstrated higher rates of unintended pregnancies when contraceptive implants were combined with efavirenz. We hypothesized that placement of 2 etonogestrel implants in those taking efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy could increase etonogestrel exposure and improve measures of contraceptive efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
November 2023
RTI International, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
The prevention of HIV and unintended pregnancies is a public health priority. Multi-purpose prevention technologies capable of long-acting HIV and pregnancy prevention are desirable for women. Here, we utilized a preclinical macaque model to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of biodegradable ε-polycaprolactone implants delivering the antiretroviral islatravir (ISL) and the contraceptive etonogestrel (ENG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
November 2023
Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address:
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