Evaluation of a stand-alone robotic camera holding system: technology that improves laparoscopy.

Introduction: In order to perform laparoscopic procedures, a surgeon requires an assistant to hold the camera. Problems with this approach include table crowding leading to poor ergonomics, and miscommunication leading to poor images. AutoLap is a novel FDA-approved camera navigation system. We present our experience with this device and compare it to human camera holders.

Materials And Methods: The study design included an initial training period followed by a non-randomized allocation between robotic and human camera holder cohort. Data included set up time, ergonomics and usability ( nurse, surgeon and camera holder questionnaire) and image stability recorded the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), describing linear acceleration (in unit gravity [g]) and horizontal acceleration (Angular Velocity in rad/s).

Results: Twenty-six patients were equally divided between human and robotic camera holders. Image stability were significantly better for the robotic camera holder. Median angular velocity was 0.029 and 0.005 rad/s for human and the AutoLap system, respectively (-value <.001). Linear acceleration was 0.011 and 0.007 [g] (-value .015). Positive feedback for the robotic system included greater surgeon comfort (92%) and improved nurse - surgeon interaction (100%).

Conclusions: The AutoLap system provides improved image stability, team-work, and ergonomic comfort for the surgical team with minimum set-up time.