Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the use of self-assembling nanoparticles loaded with two chemotherapy drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Materials And Methods: Nanoparticle systems were developed based on amine polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (NH2-PEG-PCL) to encapsulate 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine and Bortezomib using the self-assemble method. Morphological changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the size, drug release, long-term stability, and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the effects of drug-loaded nanoparticles (PEG-PCL-DAC-BTZ) in inhibiting the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells (U266 and LP-1), and the TUNEL assay and Western blotting were used to measure the induction of cell apoptosis.
Results: Based on the diameter of NH-PEG-PCL and PEG-PCL-DAC-BTZ, the drug-loaded nanoparticles were successfully prepared. TEM revealed that PEG-PCL-DAC-BTZ was spherically shaped. More than 90% of the drugs were released after 72 h, and PEG-PCL-DAC-BTZ maintained a good stability. U266 and LP-1 cells treated with PEG-PCL-DAC-BTZ showed the highest growth inhibition, release of ROS, and cell apoptosis compared to those treated with unloaded nanoparticles and chemotherapy drugs alone.
Conclusion: The drug-loaded nanoparticles are a good foundation for the treatment of multiple myeloma as they showed a slow release profile, good stability, and superior anti-cancer effects in vitro.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S255682 | DOI Listing |
Cells
January 2025
Hematology, St. Eugenio Hospital, ASL Roma2, 00144 Rome, Italy.
Despite the advances of CAR-T cells in certain hematological malignancies, mostly from B-cell derivations such as non-Hodgkin lymphomas, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma, a significant portion of other hematological and non-hematological pathologies can benefit from this innovative treatment, as the results of clinical studies are demonstrating. The clinical application of CAR-T in the setting of acute T-lymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, solid tumors, autoimmune diseases and infections has encountered limitations that are different from those of hematological B-cell diseases. To overcome these restrictions, strategies based on different molecular engineering platforms have been devised and will be illustrated below.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
January 2025
DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
Haematological malignancies comprise a diverse group of life-threatening systemic diseases, including leukaemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Currently available therapies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and CAR-T cells, are often associated with important side effects and with the development of drug resistance and, consequently, disease relapse. In the last decades, it was largely demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment significantly affects cancer cell proliferation and tumor response to treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHCA Healthc J Med
December 2024
University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX.
Introduction: Bortezomib is a reversible proteasome inhibitor that is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent for multiple myeloma. Bortezomib can be administered intravenously or subcutaneously with similar efficacy. Subcutaneous administration has fewer side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Cancer Res
June 2024
The John Conant Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Early diagnosis of systemic light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is needed because 25% of patients die within months of diagnosis. In patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) of the λ isotype, we explored the use of 2 screening variables: a free light chain difference of 23mg/L between λ and k and presence of IGLV genes that occur more frequently in AL.
Methods: Patients contacted us and we sent HIPAA release and consent forms for discussion by phone.
Hematology
December 2025
Clinical Pharmacy Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, RH, Saudi Arabia.
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignancy characterized by abnormal production of monoclonal immunoglobulins in plasma cells. Bispecific antibodies have emerged as a significant advancement in MM treatment, offering high effectiveness and specificity by targeting different antigens such as BCMA, CD38, and FcRH5. However, the risk of infection poses a major challenge in MM patients, which is thought to be influenced by various factors.
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