[Early central neurologic complications after heart transplantation are associated with higher intra-hospital mortality].

Neurological complications in orthotopic heart transplantation represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality despite successful transplantation. The aim of our study was to evaluate neurological complications on the outcome of patients with heart transplantation. We retrospectively studied 193 adult patients (aged = 18 years) who underwent heart transplant at Hospital Italiano in Buenos Aires from November 2014 to August 2018. We evaluated demographic and clinical vari ables and outcome of patients with and without neurological complications. We included 193 patients with a mean age of 51 ± 12 years of which 74% (n = 143) were men. The two most frequent causes that led to heart transplantation were idiopathic cardiomyopathy in 34% (n = 65) and ischemic cardiomyopathy in 29% (n = 56). Hemodynamic instability was present at the moment of transplant in 92% (n = 176) of the cases. Central neurological complications in the first week post-transplant occurred in 12% (n = 23). The most frequent were: encephalopathy (5%), subdural hematoma (2%), subarachnoid hemorrhage (2%), seizures (2%) and ischemic stroke (1%). Peripheral neuropathy was observed in 4% of cases. Hospital mortality was 11% (n = 22) and 88% (n = 170) was discharged at home. Those who presented central neurological complications had higher in-hospital mortality compared to those who did not (32% vs. 9%, p = 0.002).