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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12818 | DOI Listing |
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Evaluating Meta-Learners to Analyze Treatment Heterogeneity in Survival Data: Application to Electronic Health Records of Pediatric Asthma Care in COVID-19 Pandemic.
Stat Med
February 2025
Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
An important aspect of precision medicine focuses on characterizing diverse responses to treatment due to unique patient characteristics, also known as heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) or individualized treatment effects (ITE), and identifying beneficial subgroups with enhanced treatment effects. Estimating HTE with right-censored data in observational studies remains challenging. In this paper, we propose a pseudo-ITE-based framework for analyzing HTE in survival data, which includes a group of meta-learners for estimating HTE, a variable importance metric for identifying predictive variables to HTE, and a data-adaptive procedure to select subgroups with enhanced treatment effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLessons Learned in Virtual Launch of an Antenatal Opioid Exposure Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Nurs Res
January 2025
RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted researchers to develop new ways to design and launch studies and recruit and retain participants. Pregnant women and infants are considered vulnerable populations in research, and families affected by substance use are particularly difficult to recruit and retain. Recruitment for studies involving medical technologies such as MRI can also be difficult due to misconceptions and fear of the technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccinating in Different Settings: Best Practices from Italian Regions.
Vaccines (Basel)
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Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Background: The success of vaccination programs depends on a complex interplay of logistical, social, and structural factors. The objective of this study was to analyze the different approaches to vaccine administration implemented by several Italian regions since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Distinct Neutralising and Complement-Fixing Antibody Responses Can Be Induced to the Same Antigen in Haemodialysis Patients After Immunisation with Different Vaccine Platforms.
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Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
: Generalised immune dysfunction in chronic kidney disease, especially in patients requiring haemodialysis (HD), significantly enhances the risk of severe infections. Vaccine-induced immunity is typically reduced in HD populations. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic provided an opportunity to examine the magnitude and functionality of antibody responses in HD patients to a previously unencountered antigen-Spike (S)-glycoprotein-after vaccination with different vaccine platforms (viral vector (VV); mRNA (mRV)).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEducation and Training on Infection Prevention and Control Provided by Long-Term Care Homes to Visitors: A Scoping Review.
Nurs Rep
January 2025
Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, 100 Tucker Park Rd., Saint John, NB E2K 5E2, Canada.
The objective of this study is to identify, examine, and map the literature on infection prevention and control (IPAC) education and training for visitors to long-term care (LTC) homes. Visitor restrictions during infectious outbreaks in LTC homes aim to reduce virus transmission to vulnerable residents. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the negative impacts of such restrictions, prompting the need for IPAC education for visitors.
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