Immunotherapy With Radiotherapy and Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Cancer.

Outcomes for women with node-positive, recurrent, and metastatic cervical cancer remain poor. Persistent infection by the human papilloma virus is related to disordered interactions with the immune system and development of cervical cancer, making the resultant malignancy an attractive target for immunotherapy. Various types of immunomodulatory treatments have been studied, including a bacterial vaccine vector and T cell therapy. Immune checkpoint blockade has shown promise in the recurrent or metastatic settings, and in combination with chemoradiotherapy for definitive treatment with acceptable toxicity profiles. Ongoing trials are investigating timing, dosing, and combinations of immunomodulatory treatments, with potential to improve survival and advance our understanding of the immune system's role in combating cervical cancer.