Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (FRE 2034-CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure Lyon), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France;
Published: September 2020
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
The protein AlkL is known to increase permeability of the outer membrane of bacteria for hydrophobic molecules, yet the mechanism of transport has not been determined. Differing crystal and NMR structures of homologous proteins resulted in a controversy regarding the degree of structure and the role of long extracellular loops. Here we solve this controversy by determining the de novo NMR structure in near-native lipid bilayers, and by accessing structural dynamics relevant to hydrophobic substrate permeation through molecular-dynamics simulations and by characteristic NMR relaxation parameters. Dynamic lateral exit sites large enough to accommodate substrates such as carvone or octane occur through restructuring of a barrel extension formed by the extracellular loops.
Purpose: Sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty (TP) effectively treats patellofemoral (PF) instability (PFI) caused by high-grade trochlear dysplasia (TD), but current evidence is based on small case series. We hypothesised, that TP would result in significant functional improvements and a low re-dislocation rate but would not accelerate the progression of PF cartilage deterioration.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all TP cases performed by a single surgeon between 2015 and 2021.
Age-related atrophy of the human hippocampus and the enthorinal cortex starts accelerating at around age 60. Due to the contributions of these regions to many cognitive functions seamlessly used in everyday life, this can heavily impact the lives of elderly people. The hippocampus is not a unitary structure, and mechanisms of its age-related decline appear to differentially affect its subfields.
Pituitary macroadenomas are benign neoplasms that can cause a range of symptoms due to a mass effect on surrounding structures. This case report describes a 51-year-old male presenting with progressive bilateral hearing impairment and significant deterioration in speech discrimination over several years. Examination revealed normal tympanic membranes and no neurological deficits, while pure tone audiometry indicated mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss.
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been frequently used to examine age-related deterioration of white matter microstructure and its relationship to cognitive decline. However, typical tensor-based analytical approaches are often difficult to interpret due to the challenge of decomposing and (mis)interpreting the impact of crossing fibers within a voxel. We hypothesized that a novel analytical approach capable of resolving fiber-specific changes within each voxel (i.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies. The currently available clinical drugs for HCC frequently cause serious side effects and the treatment outcomes are unsatisfactory. It is urgent to develop effective drugs with high selectivity and low adverse effects for HCC.
