The relationship between community pharmacists' social distance from and their confidence in interacting with patients with depression in Japan.

Background Prejudice and stigma against patients with depression may lead to adverse clinical consequences, such as delayed initiation and premature termination of therapy. However, available survey results on pharmacists' awareness showed a lack of confidence in dealing with patients with depression. Until recently, few studies addressed the relationship between pharmacists' perceptions of their social distance from and confidence in interacting with patients with depression. Objectives To determine pharmacists' social distance from patients with depression, and investigate the factors that influence and are influenced by it. Methods The target population of this survey study included 161 pharmacists employed at a drug chain who had participated in the Effects of Community Pharmacists' Medication Assistance for the Patients Taking Antidepressant study. The questionnaire included six questions on social distance, which were adopted from a previous nation-wide survey of mental illness stigma in Japan. Other questions related to the respondents' attributes, personal experience (living with depression, abusive behaviors inflicted by patients with depression), and confidence in interacting with patients with depression. Results Valid responses were obtained from 77 study participants. The mean total social distance score was 12.49. Greater total social distance scores were associated with greater difficulty in relationship building, information provision, and comprehension of condition. Pharmacists' personal experience of living with depression decreased their social distance from patients with depression, whereas their experience of being verbally or physically abused by patients with depression increased their social distance. Conclusion This study showed that community pharmacists in Japan had less social distance from patients with depression than the general population. A significant negative correlation was observed between community pharmacists' social distance from and their confidence in interacting with patients with depression.