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Rapid optical determination of salivary cortisol responses in individuals undergoing physiological and psychological stress.
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December 2024
Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering (RCBE), School of Science and Technology, City, University of London, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
Traditional methods for management of mental illnesses in the post-pandemic setting can be inaccessible for many individuals due to a multitude of reasons, including financial stresses and anxieties surrounding face-to-face interventions. The use of a point-of-care tool for self-management of stress levels and mental health status is the natural trajectory towards creating solutions for one of the primary contributors to the global burden of disease. Notably, cortisol is the main stress hormone and a key logical indicator of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activity that governs the activation of the human stress system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of heart rate on B-type natriuretic peptide in sinus rhythm.
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December 2024
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels accurately reflect the degree of cardiac overload in heart failure. Considering cardiac morphology and intracardiac pressure, including the left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), is essential for cardiac overload assessment. These indexes influence plasma BNP levels, and high heart rate is likely associated with cardiac morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidized phospholipid and transcriptomic signatures of THC-related vaping associated lung injury.
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December 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
E-cigarette/vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) is strongly associated with vitamin E acetate and often occurs with concomitant tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use. To uncover pathways associated with EVALI, we examined cytokines, transcriptomic signatures, and lipidomic profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from THC-EVALI patients. At a single center, we prospectively enrolled mechanically ventilated patients with EVALI from THC-containing products (N = 4) and patients with non-vaping acute lung injury and airway controls (N = 5).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNesfatin-1 as a crucial mediator of glucose homeostasis in the reptile, Hemidactylus flaviviridis.
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December 2024
University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India.
Nesfatin-1 is a crucial regulator of energy homeostasis in mammals and fishes, however, its metabolic role remains completely unexplored in amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Therefore, present study elucidates role of nesfatin-1 in glucose homeostasis in wall lizard wherein fasting stimulated hepatic nucb2/nesfatin-1, glycogen phosphorylase (glyp), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (fbp), while feeding upregulated pancreatic nucb2/nesfatin-1 and insulin, suggesting towards tissue-specific dual role of nesfatin-1 in glucoregulation. The glycogenolytic/gluconeogenic role of nesfatin-1 was further confirmed by an increase in media glucose levels along with heightened hepatic pepck and fbp expression and concomitant decline in liver glycogen content in nesfatin-1-treated liver of wall lizard.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDietary insulin load and index in relation to incident gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.
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December 2024
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
No study has examined the association between dietary insulin load (DIL) and insulin index (DII) with developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the association between DIL and DII and risk of GDM in a group of pregnant women in Iran. In this prospective cohort study, 812 pregnant in their first trimester were recruited and followed.
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