The membrane is one of the key inner parts of lithium-ion batteries, which determines the interfacial structure and internal resistance, ultimately affecting the capacity, cycling, and safety performance of the cell. In this article, an alginate-based fiber composite membrane was successfully fabricated from cellulose and calcium alginate with flame-retardant properties via a traditional papermaking process. In the membrane, the calcium alginate plays a bridging role and the cellulose acts as a filler. After 100 cycles, lithium-ion batteries by the alginate-based fiber separator exhibited better capacity retention ratios (approximately 90%) compared with those of commercial PP separators. Furthermore, the alginate-based fiber separator demonstrated fine thermal stability and electrochemical properties, showing a stable charge-discharge capability and no hot melt shrinkage at higher temperatures, which is a breakthrough in improving the safety of the cell. This research affords a new way for the large-scale fabrication of safe lithium-ion battery separators.
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