Prevalence and Gender Differences of Metabolic Syndrome in Young Ketosis-Prone Type 2 Diabetic Individuals: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the prevalence and gender differences of metabolic syndrome in young new-onset ketosis-prone type 2 diabetic (KPT2D) individuals.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Shanghai Xin Hua Hospital from 2007 to 2019. A total of 304 patients from 12 to 40 years of age with newly diagnosed diabetes presenting with ketosis were analyzed. The clinical features and laboratory results of KPT2D and type 1 diabetic (T1D) individuals were compared. Prevalence and gender differences of metabolic syndrome in the KPT2D subjects were analyzed.

Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome ( < 0.0001) was significantly higher in young KPT2D than T1D subjects. The prevalence of high blood pressure ( < 0.0001), central obesity ( < 0.0001), low plasma HDL-C concentration ( = 0.045), and hypertriglyceridemia ( < 0.0001) was elevated in the KPT2D subjects compared with T1D. Male predominance (89%) was presented in the KPT2D subjects. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome ( = 0.0002) was significantly higher in young male than female KPT2D subjects. The presence of central obesity ( < 0.0001) and high blood pressure ( =0.03) was higher in male KPT2D subjects than female. The presence of serum triglyceride concentrations ≥ 2.3mmol/L was significantly higher ( = 0.011) in male KPT2D subjects than female.

Conclusion: Significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in young KPT2D patients compared with T1D patients could be an important reference for diabetic differential diagnosis. KPT2D presented a higher predominance in young males, who had higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome than young females.