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Utility of word embeddings from large language models in medical diagnosis.
J Am Med Inform Assoc
January 2025
Kennewick, WA 99338, United States.
Objective: This study evaluates the utility of word embeddings, generated by large language models (LLMs), for medical diagnosis by comparing the semantic proximity of symptoms to their eponymic disease embedding ("eponymic condition") and the mean of all symptom embeddings associated with a disease ("ensemble mean").
Materials And Methods: Symptom data for 5 diagnostically challenging pediatric diseases-CHARGE syndrome, Cowden disease, POEMS syndrome, Rheumatic fever, and Tuberous sclerosis-were collected from PubMed. Using the Ada-002 embedding model, disease names and symptoms were translated into vector representations in a high-dimensional space.
Effect of a Narrative-Based Online Course Aimed at Reducing Stigma Toward Transgender Children and Adolescents: Longitudinal Observational Study.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Background: Stigma toward transgender children and adolescents negatively impacts their health and educational outcomes. Contact with members of stigmatized groups can dismantle stereotypes and reduce stigma by facilitating exposure to the unique cognitive and emotional perspectives of individuals within the group. Recent evidence suggests that video-based contact interventions can be as effective as face-to-face encounters, but challenges lie in protecting the identities of transgender youth, since many of them live in stealth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecreased expression of hsa-miR-142-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p in common variable immunodeficiency and involvement of their target genes and biological pathways.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)
January 2025
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic and heterogeneous type of inborn errors of immunity (IEI). However, the pathogenesis process of this disease is often unknown. Epigenetic modifications may be involved in unresolved patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improved septic lung injury by reducing excessive NETs formation and alleviating inflammatory response.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zheiiang, China.
To illustrate the potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) in mitigating septic lung injury by reducing the excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a mouse model of septic lung injury was induced through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mice received intraperitoneal injections of MSC-Exos. Post injection, pathological alterations of the lung tissue were evaluated through HE staining, and the levels of inflammatory markers in each mouse group at various time points were assessed using ELISA kits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnaphylaxis in pediatric patients: single-center study in a private hospital.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)
January 2025
Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
This study aimed to characterize the profile of probable anaphylaxis cases treated at a private pediatric hospital emergency department in São Paulo. It investigated triggering factors, the presence of cofactors, treatments administered, and follow-up for these cases through interviews with the patients' families. A single-center cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of children and adolescents treated between 2016 and 2020.
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