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National trends in Azithromycin consumption during 2017-2023 in Kazakhstan: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the imperative for enhanced clinical guidelines.
Sci Rep
February 2025
School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University Kazakhstan, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Antibiotic resistance (AMR) has reached critical levels globally, especially in developing economies like Kazakhstan, largely due to improper antibiotic use. The aim of this study was to examine seven years of azithromycin sales data in Kazakhstan to uncover consumption patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and develop effective strategies to combat AMR. This study analyzes two data sets: one from a comprehensive review of documents regulating azithromycin use in Kazakhstan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving antibiotic utilization in West Africa: enhancing interventions through systematic review and evidence synthesis.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control
February 2025
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Background: Bacterial infection has been estimated to become the leading cause of death by 2050, causing 10 million deaths across the globe due to the surge in antibiotic resistance. Despite western sub-Saharan Africa being identified as one of the major hotspots of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with the highest mortality, a comprehensive regional analysis of the magnitude and key drivers of AMR due to human antibiotic use has not been conducted.
Method: We carried out a systematic review by conducting a comprehensive search in various databases including PubMed and Scopus for eligible articles published in the English Language between 1 January 2000 and 14 February 2024.
Longitudinal Analysis of Obesity Drug Use and Public Awareness.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Importance: Obesity, a chronic disease with escalating global prevalence, poses considerable health risks. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), including liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, have demonstrated efficacy for weight loss in clinical trials. The paradigm shift in the approach to obesity management drugs (OMDs) may offer an opportunity to examine online search activity and prescription trends.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The rising obesity rates in the USA have led to a surge in various weight loss treatments. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues have shown promise in reducing weight but primarily studied in Caucasian populations. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has already proven successful weight loss outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Ethics of Ozempic and Wegovy.
J Med Ethics
January 2025
Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Semaglutide, sold under the brand names of Ozempic, Rybelsus and Wegovy, is one of the most popular drugs on the market. Manufactured by Novo Nordisk, semaglutide is the newest in a family of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists used most commonly to treat type II diabetes. To date, the results of semaglutide for the treatment of type II diabetes have been overwhelmingly positive.
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