Optical diagnostics of highly dynamic supersonic and hypersonic flows requires laser sources with a combination of high pulse intensities and fast repetition rates. A burst-mode Nd:YAG laser system is presented for increasing the overall energy of 532 nm pulse trains by ∼100× and the number of high-energy pulses by 30× for extended duration megahertz-rate flow diagnostics. At a lower repetition rate of 100 kHz, unprecedented energies near 1 J/pulse are achieved at 532 nm over a 1.1 ms burst. The laser performance is characterized and demonstrated for megahertz-rate laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in a Mach 2 turbulent jet.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.400831 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unidade de Saúde Local de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, PRT.
This narrative review synthesizes evidence on the impact of sleep on athletic performance, the prevalence and causes of sleep disturbances, and effective monitoring and intervention strategies to enhance sleep quality and duration. A comprehensive review of case studies, observational studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to July 2024. Sleep plays a crucial role in the overall well-being and performance of athletes, yet sleep issues are highly prevalent due to factors such as competition schedules, psychological stress, and travel across time zones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Bone Jt Surg
January 2025
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.
The purpose of this in brief article was to determine the current role of intraarticular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of painful KOA. It has been reported that the average duration of effectiveness (pain relief) of one injection of extended-release HA is around one year. Kellgren-Lawrence grade (I-II versus III-IV), male gender, and older age are associated with a longer duration of effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAIDS Res Ther
January 2025
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
The global HIV epidemic remains a major public health challenge, with DTG playing a key role in ART regimens due to its efficacy and tolerability. This study evaluated virological outcomes and resistance mutations in patients on DTG in Mozambique through a retrospective cohort study in seven DREAM centers. Data from 29,601 patients (98.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFItal J Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
Background: Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO) is a rare auto-inflammatory disease that mainly affects children, and manifests with single or multiple painful bone lesions. Due to the lack of specific laboratory markers, CNO diagnosis is a matter of exclusion from different conditions, first and foremost bacterial osteomyelitis and malignancies. Whole Body Magnetic Resonance (WBMR) and bone biopsy are the gold standard for the diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Level 3, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.
Background: Social prescribing link workers support individuals to engage with community resources, co-creating achievable goals. Most schemes are community-based, targetting adults. Vulnerable populations including hospitalized children with neurodisability and their families, could also benefit from social prescribing.
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