Two-State Reactivity in Iron-Catalyzed Alkene Isomerization Confers σ-Base Resistance.

A low-coordinate, high spin ( = 3/2) organometallic iron(I) complex is a catalyst for the isomerization of alkenes. A combination of experimental and computational mechanistic studies supports a mechanism in which alkene isomerization occurs by the allyl mechanism. Importantly, while substrate binding occurs on the = 3/2 surface, oxidative addition to an η-allyl intermediate only occurs on the = 1/2 surface. Since this spin state change is only possible when the alkene substrate is bound, the catalyst has high immunity to typical σ-base poisons due to the antibonding interactions of the high spin state.