Cellular Allograft in the Treatment of a Severe Periodontal Intrabony Defect: A Case Report.

Introduction: This report describes the use of allograft cellular bone matrix containing mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of a severe periodontal defect. To our knowledge, this regenerative technique has not been reported in the periodontal literature in the past, and it offers an alternative to the commonly used regenerative techniques.

Case Presentation: The patient presented with generalized severe periodontitis with a severe radiographic defect on the distal aspect of tooth #9 extending to the apex of the tooth. Despite the depth of the defect, the tooth was vital. After thorough debridement, the defect was grafted with cellular allograft and covered with resorbable membrane. Nine months after grafting, the periapical radiograph demonstrated bone fill of the defect. The postoperative clinical examination revealed gain in the clinical attachment level and reduction in the probing depth. In addition, the tooth maintained its vitality.

Conclusion: This case report shows that a severe periodontal intrabony defect of single-rooted tooth can be treated using cellular allograft with improvement of periodontal parameters and radiographic bone fill.