Preinjury Antiplatelet Use Does Not Increase the Risk of Progression of Small Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Background: The modified brain injury guidelines (mBIG) provide an algorithm for surgeons to manage some mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) without neurosurgical consultation or repeat imaging. Currently, antiplatelet use among patients with any ICH classifies a patient at the highest level, mBIG 3. This study assesses the risk of clinical progression among patients taking antiplatelet medications with mild TBI with ICH.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with traumatic ICH over a 5-year period was conducted. Demographics, injury severity, and outcome data were collected for each patient. Patients taking antiplatelet agents were reclassified as if they were not taking these medications. Patients who would have met criteria for a lower classification (mBIG 1 or 2) without antiplatelet agents were designated mBIG 3 Antiplatelet and compared with all other mBIG 1 and 2 patients.

Results: 736 patients met the inclusion criteria. 158 patients were taking antiplatelet medications and 53 were reclassified as mBIG 3 Antiplatelet. When comparing mBIG 3 Antiplatelet to the 226 patients originally classified as mBIG 1 and 2, mBIG 3 Antiplatelet patients were more likely to undergo repeat head computed tomography (98.1% vs 76.6%; < .001) and neurosurgical consultation (94.2% vs 76.5%; < .001) but had no significant differences in outcomes. No mBIG 3 Antiplatelet patients had a worsening examination or needed operative intervention.

Discussion: This data suggests that antiplatelet medication use should not automatically classify a patient as mBIG 3. Adoption of this strategy would better utilize resources and avoid unnecessary costs without sacrificing care.