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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and progressive airflow obstruction. Tobacco smoking is the leading cause but not the only one. A postbronchodilator FEV-FVC ratio less than 0.70 is required for a diagnosis of COPD. Inhaler therapy is the backbone of treatment and should be complemented by a multifaceted management strategy that includes counseling and pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, treatment of comorbidities, administration of influenza and pneumococcal immunizations, and prescription of long-term oxygen therapy in hypoxemic patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/AITC202008040 | DOI Listing |
Introduction: Although several potential respiratory and cardiovascular health effects of e-cigarettes have been reported, their association with incident cardiometabolic conditions remains unclear.
Methods: We used longitudinal data from the All of Us research program to investigate the association between current exclusive e-cigarette use (EE), exclusive combustible cigarette use (ECC), and dual use (DU) with incident cardiometabolic conditions, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure (HF), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), using Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). ECC use was used as a positive control to validate our methodology/findings.
BMC Pulm Med
March 2025
Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the performance of two diagnostic models based on CT-derived lung and mediastinum radiomics nomograms for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients.
Materials And Methods: Hospitalized participants with COPD were retrospectively recruited between September 2015 and April 2023. Clinical data and visual coronary artery calcium score (CACS) were collected.
BMC Chem
March 2025
Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Down Town University (AdtU), Guwahati, 781026, Assam, India.
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant global health issue, worsened by pollution and modernisation. Ensifentrine (EFT), a new dual inhibitor of phosphodiesterase PDE3 and PDE4, is being developed for inhalation to target airway inflammation, bronchodilation, and ciliary function in COPD treatment.
Objective: This study aims to develop and validate a new quantification method for Ensifentrine, as no previous techniques are available, by integrating analytical quality-by-design (AQbD) and green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles.
BMC Anesthesiol
March 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland.
Patients at risk of pulmonary hypertension frequently present for emergency orthopedic surgery. A right ventricular systolic pressure of 35 mmHg or above, calculated from a tricuspid regurgitant jet on transthoracic echocardiogram, is considered an appropriate screening test for pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an elevated right ventricular systolic pressure detected on a preoperative transthoracic echocardiogram, on outcomes after emergency hip surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysicians evaluate a patient's respiratory health during a physical examination by visual assessment of the work of breathing (WoB) to determine respiratory stability, and by detecting abnormal lung sounds via lung auscultation using a stethoscope to identify common pathological lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia. Since these assessment methods are subjective, a low-profile device used for an accurate and quantitative monitoring approach could provide valuable preemptive insights into respiratory health, proving to be clinically beneficial. To achieve this goal, we have developed a miniature patch consisting of a sensitive wideband multi-axis seismometer that can be placed on the anatomical areas of a patient's lungs to enable an effective quantification of a patient's WoB and lung sounds.
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