AI Article Synopsis
- nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase) is crucial for producing nitric oxide (NO) in neurons, which plays a key role in various physiological functions like learning and memory.
- The active form of nNOS is a dimer, and its activity is regulated by proteins such as CREB, calmodulin, and heat shock proteins.
- Recent studies on nNOS have focused on its structural characteristics, localization, and its significance in brain development, particularly in processes like long-term potentiation and depression.
Article Abstract
The molecular and chemical properties of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) have made it a key mediator in many physiological functions and signaling transduction. The NOS monomer is inactive, but the dimer form is active. There are three forms of NOS, which are neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial (eNOS) nitric oxide synthase. nNOS regulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis which is the mechanism used mostly by neurons to produce NO. nNOS expression and activation is regulated by some important signaling proteins, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), calmodulin (CaM), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)/HSP70. nNOS-derived NO has been implicated in modulating many physiological functions, such as synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, neurogenesis, etc. In this review, we have summarized recent studies that have characterized structural features, subcellular localization, and factors that regulate nNOS function. Finally, we have discussed the role of nNOS in the developing brain under a wide range of physiological conditions, especially long-term potentiation and depression.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2019-0111 | DOI Listing |
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