ACE2 Co-evolutionary Pattern Suggests Targets for Pharmaceutical Intervention in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

iScience

Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel. Electronic address:

Published: August 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 has led to a global pandemic, highlighting the importance of studying the ACE2 receptor, which is used by the virus to enter host cells.
  • A comprehensive analysis of ACE2 conservation across 1,671 eukaryotic species has revealed interesting conservation patterns and the co-evolution of proteins related to ACE2.
  • The research identified existing drugs, including commonly used anti-inflammatory and vasodilator medications, that could potentially interfere with the ACE2 network, possibly impacting viral infection and disease progression.

Article Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spillover infection in December 2019 has caused an unprecedented pandemic. SARS-CoV-2, as other coronaviruses, binds its target cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Accordingly, this makes ACE2 research essential for understanding the zoonotic nature of coronaviruses and identifying novel drugs. Here we present a systematic analysis of the ACE2 conservation and co-evolution protein network across 1,671 eukaryotes, revealing an unexpected conservation pattern in specific metazoans, plants, fungi, and protists. We identified the co-evolved protein network and pinpointed a list of drugs that target this network by using data integration from different sources. Our computational analysis found widely used drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and vasodilators. These drugs are expected to perturb the ACE2 network affecting infectivity as well as the pathophysiology of the disease.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7368417PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101384DOI Listing

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