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Exploring the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of five indigenous Kenyan plants used in traditional medicine.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, 00128, Italy.
Defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as indigenous knowledge and practices used for maintaining health and treating illnesses, traditional medicine (TM) represents a rich reservoir of ancient healing practices rooted in cultural traditions and accumulated wisdom over centuries. Five indigenous Kenyan plant species traditionally used in African TM, named Afzelia quanzensis, Azadirachta indica, Gigasiphon macrosiphon, Grewia bicolor, and Lannea schweinfurthii, represent a valuable resource in healing practices, yet their chemical composition and bioactivity remain understudied. To depict a primary bio-chemical characterization of these plants, their antioxidant and antimicrobial features have been evaluated by the use of methods validated in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative genomics analyses of Actinobacteriota identify Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GPP34) as a widespread ancient protein family associated with sponge symbiosis.
Microbiome
January 2025
Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Background: Sponges harbor microbial communities that play crucial roles in host health and ecology. However, the genetic adaptations that enable these symbiotic microorganisms to thrive within the sponge environment are still being elucidated. To understand these genetic adaptations, we conducted a comparative genomics analysis on 350 genomes of Actinobacteriota, a phylum commonly associated with sponges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbrupt changes in biomass burning during the last glacial period.
Nature
January 2025
Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
Understanding the causes of past atmospheric methane (CH) variability is important for characterizing the relationship between CH, global climate and terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Ice core records of atmospheric CH contain rapid variations linked to abrupt climate changes of the last glacial period known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events and Heinrich events (HE). The drivers of these CH variations remain unknown but can be constrained with ice core measurements of the stable isotopic composition of atmospheric CH, which is sensitive to the strength of different isotopically distinguishable emission categories (microbial, pyrogenic and geologic).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep terrestrial indigenous microbial community dominated by Frackibacter.
Commun Earth Environ
December 2024
University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada.
Characterizing deep subsurface microbial communities informs our understanding of Earth's biogeochemistry as well as the search for life beyond the Earth. Here we characterized microbial communities within the Kidd Creek Observatory subsurface fracture water system with mean residence times of hundreds of millions to over one billion years. 16S rRNA analysis revealed that biosamplers well isolated from the mine environment were dominated by a putatively anaerobic and halophilic bacterial species from the family, Frackibacter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOld but not ancient: Rock-leached organic carbon drives groundwater microbiomes.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena_Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address:
More than 90% of earth's microbial biomass resides in the continental subsurface, where sedimentary rocks provide the largest source of organic carbon (C). While many studies indicate microbial utilization of fossil C sources, the extent to which rock-organic C is driving microbial activities in aquifers remains largely unknown. Here we incubated oxic and anoxic groundwater with crushed carbonate rocks from the host aquifer and an outcrop rock of the unsaturated zone characterized by higher organic C content, and compared the natural abundance of radiocarbon (C) of available C pools and microbial biomarkers.
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