Visible light (400-700nm), which contributes to 45% of solar radiation, contributes to skin darkening and worsening of dyschromias, particularly in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin phototypes III and higher. Currently, sunscreens provide limited protection against that spectrum. Due to their capabilities in absorbing, scattering, and reflecting visible light, topical products containing pigments and/or metal oxides can provide additional photoprotection. In this study, the efficacy of two formulations containing iron oxide was evaluated in preventing visible light-induced pigmentation compared with a non-tinted mineral SPF 50+ sunscreen. Expert grading and colorimetry demonstrated that the iron-oxide containing formulations significantly protected against visible light-induced pigmentation compared to untreated skin or mineral SPF 50+ sunscreen in Fitzpatrick IV individuals. These results highlight that iron-oxide containing formulas in a foundation format have dual functions and can provide additional benefits in patients' daily routine by masking existing pigmentation and preventing the development of pigmentation triggered by sunlight exposure, extending protection beyond UV spectrum. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020;19(7): doi:10.36849/JDD.2020.5032 THIS ARTICLE HAD BEEN MADE AVAILABLE FREE OF CHARGE. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO ACCESS THE FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE WITHOUT LOGGING IN. NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. PLEASE CONTACT THE PUBLISHER WITH ANY QUESTIONS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.36849/JDD.2020.5032 | DOI Listing |
Environ Res
January 2025
College of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 238000, China; Chinaland Solar Energy Co., Ltd., Hefei, 238000, China. Electronic address:
The preparation strategy is the important factor to obtain the effective photocatalyst, and the thermal decomposition could be used to prepare photocatalysts with high crystallinity and photoactivity. In this paper, thermal decomposition method was used to deposit CuO nanoparticles on TiO nanotube arrays (TiO NTs), and the TiO NTs/CuO exhibited remarkably high visible light absorption and photoelectrocatalytic performances toward dye degradation and Cr(VI) reduction. The potential degradation pathway and toxicities of rhodamine B (RhB) dyes and intermediates were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
January 2025
School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
A visible-light-induced deoxygenative alkylation/cyclization of acrylamides with alcohols activated by CS has been developed by using xanthate salts as alkyl radical precursors in the presence of tricyclohexylphosphine. It proceeds through a tandem radical addition/cyclization process, and this protocol provides a reliable and practical approach to building the skeleton of 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles in moderate to good yields. Notable features of this reaction include readily available starting reagents, broad substrate scope and mild reaction conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava SK-842 15, Slovakia.
The development of new photochromic systems is motivated by the possibility of controlling the properties and functions of materials with high spatial and temporal resolution in a reversible manner. While there are several classes of photoswitches operating in solution, the design of systems efficiently operating in the solid state remains highly challenging, mainly due to limitations related to confinement effects. Triaryl-hydrazones represent a relatively new subclass of bistable hydrazone photoswitches exhibiting efficient / photochromism in solution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
The photoacid-catalyzed synthesis of 2-deoxy glycosides is presented using stable glycosyl -[1-(-MeO-Phenyl)vinyl]benzoate (PMPVB) donors and employing the eosin Y and diphenyl disulfide (PhSSPh) catalytic system in the presence of blue LED lights. The remote activation of the alkene functionality under the photoacid catalysis followed by a 5-- cyclization led to the generation of oxocarbenium ions that were trapped to provide the glycosylated products in excellent yields and decent selectivities under mild conditions. This method is also useful for the photoacid-catalyzed synthesis of -methoxybenzyl-alkyl ethers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China.
Herein, we present a visible-light-induced protocol for the synthesis of highly functionalized oxo-bridged oxocine skeletons. This method generates carbenes via visible-light-induced ortho-acyl diazo compounds, which are rapidly intercepted by the oxygen atom of an intermolecular acyl group to form a cyclic 1,3-dipole. The in situ generated highly reactive 1,3-dipole undergoes a facile formal [4 + 3] cycloaddition with alkenyl pyrazolinone, yielding [4.
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