Mechanogenetics for cellular engineering and cancer immunotherapy.

Curr Opin Biotechnol

Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0435, USA. Electronic address:

Published: December 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Recent advancements in synthetic biology have enabled the engineering of cells to respond to external stimuli, enhancing the effectiveness and control of CAR T therapy, although limitations in spatial and depth control remain a challenge in clinical applications.
  • - Mechanogenetics is emerging as a promising field, capable of targeting deep tissues with high precision, which could improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes.
  • - The review will explore mechanobiology and innovative designs for controllable CAR T cells, with a particular emphasis on utilizing mechanical control methods like ultrasound to address current CAR T therapy limitations.

Article Abstract

Recent synthetic biology advancements have shown that cells can be engineered to respond to external stimuli such as chemical compounds and light, which significantly improves the specificity and controllability of CAR T therapy. However, the lack of both spatiotemporal and depth control is still the main issue in the clinic of CAR T treatment. At the same time, mechanogenetics, capable of penetrating deep tissues with high spatiotemporal precision, is rapidly evolving and advancing to reveal its potential for cancer immunotherapy. In the past few years, researchers have demonstrated the precise and remote control of engineered cells with mechanical perturbation originated from ultrasound, which may become a new solution to circumvent the limitations of CAR T therapy in the future. This review will discuss mechanobiology and the state-of art designs of controllable CAR T cells. A specific focus of this review will be on the mechanical control of CAR T therapy.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7744441PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2020.06.008DOI Listing

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