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The human microbiome is a mysterious treasure of the body playing endless important roles in the well-being of the host metabolism, digestion, and immunity. On the other hand, it actively participates in the development of a variety of pathological conditions including cancer. With the Human Microbiome Project initiative, metagenomics, and next-generation sequencing technologies in place, the last decade has witnessed immense explorations and investigations on the enigmatic association of breast cancer with the human microbiome. However, the connection between the human microbiome and breast cancer remains to be explored in greater detail. In fact, there are several emerging questions such as whether the host microbiota contributes to disease initiation, or is it a consequence of the disease is an irrevocably important question that demands a valid answer. Since the microbiome is an extremely complex community, gaps still remain on how this vital microbial organ plays a role in orchestrating breast cancer development. Nevertheless, undeniable evidence from studies has pinpointed the presence of specific microbial elements of the breast and gut to play a role in governing breast cancer. It is still unclear if an alteration in microbiome/dysbiosis leads to breast cancer or is it vice versa. Though specific microbial signatures have been detected to be associated with various breast cancer subtypes, the structure and composition of a core "healthy" microbiome is yet to be established. Probiotics seem to be a promising antidote for targeted prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Interestingly, these microbial communities can serve as potential biomarkers for prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer, thereby leading to the rise of a completely new era of personalized medicine. This review is a humble attempt to summarize the research findings on the human microbiome and its relation to breast cancer.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.010 | DOI Listing |
J Ultrasound
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Purpose: To determine how often non-mass lesions are seen in screening breast ultrasounds, and analyze their ultrasound features according to the ultrasound lexicon to find features suggestive of malignant non-mass lesions.
Methods: This study is a single center retrospective study for nonmass lesions on screening breast ultrasound. Among 21,604 patients who underwent screening breast US, there were 279 patients with nonmass lesions.
J Hematol Oncol
December 2024
Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, 676 N St. Clair, Suite 850, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Substantial therapeutic advancement has been made in the field of immunotherapy in breast cancer. The immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy received FDA approval for both PD-L1 positive metastatic and early-stage triple-negative breast cancer, while ongoing clinical trials seek to expand the current treatment landscape for immune checkpoint inhibitors in hormone receptor positive and HER2 positive breast cancer. Antibody drug conjugates are FDA approved for triple negative and HER2+ disease, and are being studied in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Breast Cancer
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Black women experience disproportionate breast cancer-related mortality, with similar overall incidence to White women. Approaches to address these racial health disparities should be multifaceted. Universal genetic counseling and testing for Black women could represent one dimension of a comprehensive approach in guiding early identification of those more likely to experience higher breast cancer-related mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Breast Cancer
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Northwell Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY. Electronic address:
Background: In the DESTINY-B04 trial, patients with pretreated HER2 low metastatic breast cancer (defined as immunohistochemistry score of 1+ or 2+ and negative in situ hybridization) had significant survival improvement with Trastuzumab therapy.
Methods: The goal of our study was to compare the HER2 immunohistochemistry scores of paired primary and metastatic breast cancer, with emphasis on HER2 low criteria and its implications for detailed immunohistochemistry interpretation. Using the pathology database from 2011, we identified 272 cases of primary breast cancers with paired metastases.
Clin Breast Cancer
December 2024
Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China. Electronic address:
Background: The use of the residual cancer burden (RCB) for assessing breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is increasingly common, but the prognostic difference between RCB 0 and RCB I is unclear.
Methods: We systematically reviewed literature from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and oncology conferences until September 24, 2023. We used fixed- and random-effects models to calculate hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and distant disease-free survival (DDFS).
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