Gastrointestinal Pathologies in Patients After Successful Renal Transplantation.

Background: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the most desired and cost-effective modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with chronic kidney failure. KT protects the patient from complications that may develop during chronic dialysis. Unfortunately, evidence also suggests that KT patients are more prone to developing cancer than healthy persons. Many complications after renal transplantation can be prevented if they are detected early. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal pathologies in patients after KT.

Methods: Adult patients after KT who are under the care of the Outpatient Department of Nephrology at the Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland, received alarm symptom questionnaires and referral for testing for the presence of fecal occult blood. Then, in 58 selected patients (36 men and 22 women), endoscopic examination was performed. Mean age was 57.34 ± 10.1 (range, 35-83) years.

Results: Out of 940 patients after KT, resting under supervision of the Outpatient Department, 208 patients completed the questionnaire and 118 gave a stool sample for testing: 40 results were positive. After analyzing the questionnaires and stool results, 100 patients qualified for further investigation. The endoscopic examination had been performed so far in 58 patients and revealed gastritis and/or duodenitis in 49 patients, diverticular colon disease in 26, esophagitis in 8, colon polyps in 16, stomach polyps in 4, inflammatory bowel disease in 12, and cancers in 3.

Conclusions: The preliminary results indicate that patients after KT have significant risk of gastrointestinal pathologies and require detailed diagnostic endoscopy.