The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent glucose phosphotransferase system (PTS) is the major uptake system responsible for transporting glucose, and is involved in glucose translocation and phosphorylation in Corynebacterium glutamicum. For the longest time, the PTS was considered as the only uptake system for glucose. However, some PTS-independent glucose uptake systems (non-PTS) were discovered in recent years, such as the coupling system of inositol permeases and glucokinases (IPGS) and the coupling system of β-glucoside-PTS permease and glucokinases (GPGS). The products (e.g. lysine, phenylalanine and leucine) will be increased because of the increasing intracellular level of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), while some by-products (e.g. lactic acid, alanine and acetic acid) will be reduced when this system become the main uptake pathway for glucose. In this review, we survey the uptake systems for glucose in C. glutamicum and their composition. Furthermore, we summarize the latest research of the regulatory mechanisms among these glucose uptake systems. Detailed strategies to manipulate glucose uptake system are addressed based on this knowledge.
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