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Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan. Electronic address:
Bitter taste receptors TAS2Rs detect noxious compounds in the oral cavity. Recent heterologous expression studies reported that some compounds function as antagonists for human TAS2Rs. For examples, amino acid derivatives such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and Nα,Nα-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-Lysine (BCML) blocked responses to quinine mediated by human TAS2R4.
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Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyacho,Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
Transgenic Drosophila expressing human T2R4 and T2R38 bitter-taste receptors or PKD2L1 sour-taste receptor in the fly gustatory receptor neurons and other tissues were prepared using conventional Gal4/UAS binary system. Molecular analysis showed that the transgene mRNAs are expressed according to the tissue specificity of the Gal4 drivers. Transformants expressing the transgene taste receptors in the fly taste neurons were then studied by a behavioral assay to analyze whether transgene chemoreceptors are functional and coupled to the cell response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating the effect of emetic compounds on chemotaxis in Dictyostelium identifies a non-sentient model for bitter and hot tastant research.
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School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom.
Novel chemical entities (NCEs) may be investigated for emetic liability in a range of unpleasant experiments involving retching, vomiting or conditioned taste aversion/food avoidance in sentient animals. We have used a range of compounds with known emetic /aversive properties to examine the possibility of using the social amoeba, Dictyostelium discoideum, for research into identifying and understanding emetic liability, and hence reduce adverse animal experimentation in this area. Twenty eight emetic or taste aversive compounds were employed to investigate the acute (10 min) effect of compounds on Dictyostelium cell behaviour (shape, speed and direction of movement) in a shallow chemotaxic gradient (Dunn chamber).
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