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An fMRI study on the generalization of motor learning after brain actuated supernumerary robot training.
NPJ Sci Learn
December 2024
Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Generalization is central to motor learning. However, few studies are on the learning generalization of BCI-actuated supernumerary robotic finger (BCI-SRF) for human-machine interaction training, and no studies have explored its longitudinal neuroplasticity mechanisms. Here, 20 healthy right-handed participants were recruited and randomly assigned to BCI-SRF group or inborn finger group (Finger) for 4-week training and measured by novel SRF-finger opposition sequences and multimodal MRI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegionally distinct GFAP promoter expression plays a role in off-target neuron expression following AAV5 transduction.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
Astrocyte to neuron reprogramming has been performed using viral delivery of neurogenic transcription factors in GFAP expressing cells. Recent reports of off-target expression in cortical neurons following adeno-associated virus (AAV) transduction to deliver the neurogenic factors have confounded our understanding of the efficacy of direct cellular reprogramming. To shed light on potential mechanisms that may underlie the neuronal off-target expression of GFAP promoter driven expression of neurogenic factors in neurons, two regionally distinct cortices were compared-the motor cortex (MC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-and investigated: (1) the regional tropism and astrocyte transduction with an AAV5-GFAP vector, (2) the expression of Gfap in MC and mPFC neurons; and (3) material transfer between astrocytes and neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex-dependent molecular landscape of Alzheimer's disease revealed by large-scale single-cell transcriptomics.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) shows significant sex differences in prevalence and clinical manifestations, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
Methods: This study used a large-scale, single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the human prefrontal cortex to investigate sex-dependent molecular changes in AD. Our approach combined cell type-specific and sex-specific differential gene expression analysis, pathway enrichment, gene regulatory network construction, and cell-cell communication analysis to identify sex-dependent changes.
Mandarin-speaking children with different types of cochlear implant exhibit variations in the activation patterns of their central auditory processing.
Front Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Background: Cochlear implants (CIs) have the potential to facilitate auditory restoration in deaf children and contribute to the maturation of the auditory cortex. The type of CI may impact hearing rehabilitation in children with CI. We aimed to study central auditory processing activation patterns during speech perception in Mandarin-speaking pediatric CI recipients with different device characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAftereffect of single transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation on spontaneous home-cage and open-field EEG activities in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Front Aging Neurosci
December 2024
Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Background: As a non drug and non invasive therapy, both transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may modulate cortical rhythms and serve as potentially effective approaches to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, studies using animal models of AD are quite limited.
Methods: This study investigates the aftereffects of tACS and tDCS on brain EEG activity and associated exploratory behavior in normal aged and APP/PS1 transgenic mice (15 months old).
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